BMW M5

Car Auto Online | BMW M5 | BMW M5 is a high-performance version of the BMW 5-Series executive car built by the BMW's Motor-sport division. BMW M5 made its debut in 1984at the Amsterd1am Motor Show,the 1st incarnation of the BMW M5 was hand-built utilizing the BMW M535i chassis and a modified BMW M1 engine,being the fastest production sedan in the world at the time of its introduction.Subsequent iterations of the BMW M5 have been built from each generation of the5-Series platform,including the E34,E39,E60 / E61,and most recently,F10,with the 1st orders to be delivered in late2011.

Because of the durability of the M5' nameplate and a position at the top of the BMW in the formulation of medium-sized BMW M5 remains one of the most popular sport sedans, despite competition from Mercedes-AMG and Audi quattro GmbH.

BMW M5 was preceded in1980 by BMW M535i,the 3rd road going car to emerge from the BMW Motor-sport workshop.While the BMW 3.0CSL and BMW M1 had been limited production,purpose built sports cars,theM535i was a reworked 5-series sedan fitted with the BMW M30B35 engine.

BMW M5 E28

The 1st BMW M5, based on the BMW E28 5 Series,made its debut atAmsterdam Motor Show in February1984.It was the product of demand for an automobile with the carrying capacity of a saloon(sedan),but the overall performance of a sports car.It utilized the 535i chassis and an evolution of the engine from the BMW M1.At its launch,the BMW E28 M5 was the fastest production sedan in the world.

The 1st generation BMW M5 was hand-built in Preußenstrasse / Munich prior to the1986 Motorsport factory summer vacation.Thereafter, BMW M5 production was moved to Daimlerstraße in Garching where the remainder were built by hand.InMay1987, the keys to the1000th car were presented to Mr.and Mrs.Krampertz from Eichenau near Munich by Wolfgang Peter Flohr, the director of BMW Motorsport GmbH.It is worth noting that production of the M5 continued until November 1988, well after production of the E28 chassis ended in Germany inDecember1987.

BMW M5 was produced in 4different versions based on intended export locations.These were the left-hand drive (LHD)Euro spec,the right-hand drive (RHD) UK spec,the LHD North American(NA) spec for the United States and Canada,and the RHDSouth African(ZA) spec.

The LHD, RHD Euro Spec M5s and the ZA spec M5s had the M88/3 powerplant which delivered 286 PS (210 kW; 282 hp) whereas the North American 1988 M5 was equipped with a variant of the M88/3 called the S38 B35 which was equipped with a catalytic converter, which, combined with slightly lower compression of 9.8:1 versus 10.5:1 for the M88/3 reduced the power output to 256 hp (191 kW; 260 PS).The S38 also differed from the M88/3 in that it had a dual-row timing chain as compared to the M88/3's single row timing chain. The S38 B35 was used in the NA-Spec E28 M5 and E24 M6. Late production catalyst equipped versions (117 examples) of the European M635CSi were also equipped with the S38 B35. Initially 500 were to be made for the US Market, BMW later increased production to as many as 1,370 units for the US and Canadian markets, although the generally accepted figure is 1,244 units sold.

TheNorth American spec models are unique,in that technically they were all finished inSchwarz (Black)with Natur(Tan)interiors.The otherwise virtually identical Canadian spec M5s were also available with Black interiors as an option,however a limited number of US Models were also equipped withBlack interiors

United States Vehicle Identification Numbers (VINs) range from 2791000-2792000 and 2875000-2875320. Car # 2791000 is not known to have been built, and not all VINs are known to have been used. The first few cars built in November and December1986 were issued Federal compliance labels showing a 1/87 build date. As has been speculated earlier, physical confirmation of the VIN of the United States M5 kept in BMW North America///'s Mobile Tradition collection is a 287 series car, a later 1987 build date car.

While every North American spec BMW E28 M5 was a 1988model year car, production ofNorth American specification M5s commenced in November 1986 and ended in November 1987. Excepting 96 units that were assembled in kit form at BMW's Plant in Rosslyn, South Africa, all E28 M5s were assembled by hand at BMW Motorsport in Garching, Germany.

With a total production of 2,191 units, the E28 M5 remains among the rarest regular production BMW Motorsport cars - after the BMW M1 (456 units), BMW E34 M5 Touring (891 units), and the BMW 850CSi (1510 units).

BMW M5 E28 Specifications

* (European) - 286 PS (210 kW; 282 hp) M88/3 Engine with 10.5:1 Compression. European-Spec M5s were available with a myriad of options unavailable on USA-Spec M5s such as Water Buffalo leather and a Glass Moonroof. LHD cars were equipped with 185TR390 Metric Wheels made by Mahle with 220-55VR390 Michelin TRX tires. RHD Cars were equipped with 16x7.5 BBS wheels with 225-50VR16 Tires - these wheels were not shared with any other model. Air Conditioning was standard on UK Supplied M5s and optional on LHD M5s. It is also notable that very early European-Spec LHD M5s had VINs that started with "WBA" instead of the "WBS" designation to indicate BMW Motorsport. it is estimated that no more than 15 M5s were produced with a "WBA" VIN. European-Spec M5s were available in various colors and with or without leather upholstery. At least one UK specification car is known to have been produced with comfort seats.

* (USA/Canada) - (256 bhp (191 kW) in USA/Canada units) S38B35 Engine with 9.8:1 Compression. All US-Specification M5s were comprehensively optioned. Leather Door Panels, Leather Center Console, Full Trunk Carpeting, Air Conditioning, Power Windows, Power Sunroof, Power Seats, Cruise Control, On-Board Computer, Central Locking and Shadowline Trim were standard. The only option on a US-Specification M5 was electrically heated front seats which were standard equipment on Canadian-Market cars. All North American specification M5s were finished in "Schwarz" or Jet Black. Officially US Specification cars were only available with Natur (Tan) leather interiors, however Black was offered in Canada and a handful of US-Bound cars were built with black interiors.

BMW M5 E28 Performance

At the time of sale, BMW quoted the following 0-60 mph times to give the impression that the E28 M5 did not outperform the more expensive and heavier E24 M635csi.

* (Euro) - 282 PS (210 kW) - 0-60 mph - 6.2 s - Top Speed: 153 mph (246 km/h)

* (USA) - 256 hp (191 kW) - 0-60 mph - 6.5 s - Top Speed: 148 mph (238 km/h)

BMW M5 E28 Tuners

* Whilst BMW Motorsport did not build any special versions of the E28 M5, the German tuner Hartge produced the Hartge H35S-24, a 330 PS (243 kW; 325 bhp) version of the E28 M5. Main modifications over and above the standard E28 M5 were revised cams, a modified exhaust, modified Bosch Motronic ECU programming, and a revised (and lowered) suspension setup.

* Alpina limited their tuning efforts to the older M30 engine powered models. The Alpina B7 Turbo produced 250 kW (340 PS; 335 bhp) with 0-60 mph times of 4.7 sec and a top speed of 270 km/h (168 mph).

BMW M5 E34

The BMW E34 M5 is a continuation of BMW///'s M5 series, based on the 5-series.It was produced from 1988 to 1995, although sales in North America started in 1990 and ended in 1993. It was produced at BMW M GmbH in Garching, Germany and like the previous M5, was entirely hand-built. It utilized the 535i chassis which was produced at BMW's Dingolfing plant. Assembly was done either by a single M employee or a team of M employees and generally took about two weeks. It is rumored that the test drivers of the E34 M5 could determine who or what team made each specific M5, due to characteristic quirks of the handbuilt nature of the E34 M5. The engines were also built by hand by BMW M technicians. All of the E34 M5 powerplants were built to 5% of advertised output.

The early E34 M5 used an evolution of the 24-valve straight-6 found in the E28 M5 and E24 M635CSi/M6. The engine was designated S38B36, with a bore of 93.4 mm (3.677 in) and stroke of 86 mm (3.386 in) for a total capacity of 3,535 cc (215.7 cu in). The added stroke is due to a new forged steel crankshaft, though the camshafts were also changed. Compression ratio was up slightly (10:1 versus 9.8:1). Other adjustments made included an electronically controlled butterfly valve in the intake plenum, which provided better low rpm and mid-range power. The engine also featured an improved flywheel, Bosch Motronic fuel injection, equal length stainless steel exhaust headers, and three way ceramic catalysts. Originally it had a displacement of 3.6 litres, and produced 232 kW (315 PS; 311 bhp), and 360 N·m (266 ft·lbf) at 4750 rpm. Cars sold in North America and Switzerland, due to a different catalytic converter, produced 229 kW (311 PS; 307 bhp).

BMW M5 E34 Special versions

There were four special editions of the E34 M5. The Cecotto, Winkelhock and 20 Jahre editions which were offered as LHD Euro specification models while the RHD UK Limited edition was only sold in the United Kingdom.

BMW M5 E34: BMW E34 Cecotto Edition

In1991,BMW asked two race drivers to design their "ideal" version of the E34 M5.Johnny Cecotto was one of the drivers and he wanted a host of luxury items fitted on the M5. Including Nappa leather trim for the steering wheel and heated seats. A total of 22 Cecotto E34 M5s were produced with options of having either Lagoon Green metallic (266) and Mauritius Blue metallic paint (287).

BMW M5 E34: BMW E34 Winkelhock Edition

The other racing driver was touring car ace Joachim Winkelhock. He wanted a lightweight BMW E34 M5 and so some luxury items were removed. His ideal lightweight version M5 featured a smaller battery and the US-spec 81L fuel tank as well as reduced sound deadening and the deletion of some non essential interior items such as rear head rests and vanity mirrors. Recaro front seats and a suede 385 mm M-Technic II steering wheel, shift knob & parking brake lever. The seat design, suede-covered appointments & red seatbelts were similar to those on the BMW Sport Evo E30 M3. A total of 51 Winkelhock E34 M5s were produced with the options of having Jet Black (668) with contrasting lower body panels in Sterling Silver metallic paint (244).

BMW M5 E34: BMW E34 20 Jahre Motorsport Edition

To celebrate BMW Motorsport 20th anniversary, BMW had built 20 specially equipped Euro-spec M5s in late 1992. These, based on the 3.8 L engine were only in Mugello Red (274) and had a number of aesthetic trim upgrades such as carbon fiber dash panels and special rear view mirrors. Unique seat center & door trim fabric was matched with Alcantara. Alcantara was also used on the steering wheel, shift lever & parking brake lever. Red seatbelts with "BMW Motorsport" were also included.

BMW M5 E34: BMW E34 UK Limited Edition

To commemorate the end of right-hand drive E34 M5 production, 50 examples of the E34 M5 Limited Edition were assembled between March and June 1995 in one of two unique color and trim combinations: Rosso Red metallic (369) with a Champagne extended leather interior and natural poplar wood trim (15 built) or Orinoco metallic (406) with a Bicolor Petrol and Mint extended leather interior and graphite bird's-eye maple wood trim (35 built). Each E34 M5 Limited Edition is equipped with the three-spoke sport steering wheel, Shadowline trim, power sunroof, power front seats, headlight washers and manual air conditioning. A numbered plaque appears on the center console.

Additionally, 20 M5 Touring models were assembled for distribution in Italy. These were finished in either Sterling Silver over Marine Blue leather, or British Racing Green over Tobacco leather. All were made in 1995. It is debated as to whether or not these cars constitute a true special edition as they were ordered directly by a group of Italian BMW dealers.

These are not to be confused with the Alpina B10 E34 models which are manufactured by Alpina although there are performance similarities but there are significant differences in approach.

BMW M5 E39

Unlike its predecessors, the BMW E39 M5 was not handbuilt at the BMW M GmbH factory; in order to increase production, it was produced on the same assembly line as the normal E39 5-series at the Dingolfing factory in Germany. In fact, the E39 M5 was almost not built at all; BMW believed that the 210 kW (286 PS; 282 bhp) 540i was powerful enough, but when Jaguar released the 272 kW (370 PS; 365 bhp) XJR, and Mercedes-Benz introduced the W210 E55, which had over 260 kW (354 PS; 349 bhp) BMW responded to the competition with a 294 kW (400 PS; 394 bhp) M5.

Introduced in 1998 at the Geneva Motor Show, production did not begin until late October of that year. A total of 20,482 E39 M5s were made from 1999 to 2003. BMW M produced three versions of the E39 M5, the European LHD and RHD versions, and the North American specification version.

The BMW E39 M5 had a highly tuned V8 engine based on the M62 engine called the S62, which displaced 4.9 litres and produced 294 kW (400 PS; 394 bhp). The engine featured a 7,000 rpm redline, Double-VANOS, which varies the intake and exhaust valves timings for both cylinder banks, and individual throttle butterflies for each of the cylinders, allowing for a much faster engine response time.

BMW M5 E60

The BMW E60 M5 was introduced in 2005. It has a 4,999 cc (305.1 cu in) BMW V10 S85 engine redlining at 8250 rpm, and developing a peak output of 507 PS (373 kW; 500 bhp) and 520 N·m (380 lb·ft) of torque. Unlike some other BMW engines which utilise Valvetronic to infinitely vary valve lift to eliminate the throttle plate, this engine has individual throttle bodies per cylinder. The E60 M5 was the world's first production sedan to feature a V10 petrol engine.

Other key features include a stiffened aluminum chassis and a 7-speed SMG III sequential manual gearbox, also known as a single-clutch automated manual transmission. Front fog lights are unavailable for the M5, as the amount of air required to cool the brakes under spirited driving applications requires the spaces under the bumper, normally occupied by fog lights in other E60 cars, to be reallocated for air cooling ducts.

BMW M5 E61: BMW E61 Touring

The BMW E61 M5 Touring was introduced in 2007, only the second M version of the 5-Series Touring after the E34. It shares the same drivetrain with its saloon sibling, and serves as a rival to the Audi RS6 Avant and Mercedes-Benz E63 AMG Estate. The Touring was never offered for sale in North America.

BMW E61 M5 Touring weights slightly less than 2000kg(4,409 lb)and from the factory can reach 175mph(282 km/h),even though the car is electronically limited to 155mph(249 km / h).Jeremy Clarkson,of Top Gear,said of the"BMW M5 is one of the most exciting cars made today.Only now,because this is an estate,your dog can come too.”

BMW M5 F10

The new BMW M5 uses the S63 biturbo 4.4Litre V8 with twin scroll turbocharging technology that is found in the BMW X5 M and X6 M,and the version in the BMW M5 is expected to have an output of 560Hp(418 kW)and 502 ft·lb(681 N·m)of torque. Turbocharging the BMW M5 has not gone unnoticed,with long time fans of the BMW M series being disappointed that BMW seems to be moving away from traditionally high displacement naturally aspirated high-revving engines.Increasingly stringent internationalCO2 emissions and fuel consumption regulations are cited as the cause of death of the outgoing model's V10 engine,and the BMW F10 M5 will cutCO2 emissions by25 %.The other advantage of turbocharging is that it generates considerably more low end torque; the N63 biturbo 4.4 Litre V8(the base engine from which theS63 is derived is the M62 from the E38 7 series and E39 5 series)has advantages over theS85 V10 engine despite having fewer cylinders.

Honda Pilot

Car Auto Online | Honda Pilot | The Honda pilot is a medium-sized crossover SUV. The Honda pilot is built in Lincoln, Alabama, and was also produced in Montague, Ontario, Canada until April 2007. The 1st generation Honda Pilot was released in the summer of 2002 as a 2003 model, and in 2006 received the new front and rear panels, a redesigned Interior and several standard safety features. The 2nd generation Honda Pilot was released in late 2008 for the 2009 model year.

Honda pilot was designed to fill a large US request, including a larger SUV with the third row of seats. Before the introduction of the Honda Pilot , Honda only had the compact crossover SUV CR – V and the passport of Honda (Isuzu Rodeo re–badged )which is based on the truck and intended as a quick fix,as the company has recognized competition of the other fine and medium-sized SUVs and crossover vehicles.

The Honda Pilot shares the underpinnings and Powertrain with the luxury Acura SUV MDX, and their platforms are shared with the Honda Accord sedan and Odyssey minivan. Independent suspension and unibody construction of the pilot is designed to provide handling similar to that of a car;However, it is also fortified with stringers of integrated perimeter to help withstand light off-road and towing. The pilot was of Honda, although more SUV than the Crosstour\\'s 2010 Honda exceeded the length of Honda Pilot.

Honda Pilot is sold in NorthAmerica,while Japan and Australia for several years, received its kinsman, Honda MDX (1st generation Acura MDX)instead.In the Middle East sold the Pilot as the Honda Mr-V. 2nd generation Honda Pilot is also available in Russia and Ukraine. The Pilot has been a critical and commercial success for Honda, sold over 100,000 vehicles in 2004, an increase of almost 20% in 2003. InSeptember2011,300,000of the vehicles were recalled for a seat belt defect.

Honda Pilot 1st Generation

Honda Pilot Specifications

Like the 1st-generation MDX Honda pilot is propelled by alloy aluminum 3.5L SOHC VTEC V6 24valve engine,with belt driven camshafts engine rated at 240Hp (179kilowat) SAE @ 5400 rpm and 242Lb · ft(328 N · m) of torque @ 4500 rpm it is mated to a 5-speed automatic,which is tested in Honda pilot 2004 result 0-60mph time of 7.6seconds and 1 / 4 mile sprint 15.9seconds for the2006 Honda pilot, power was 244Hp (182kilowat) SAE @ 5600 rpm (4WD),240Lb · ft (325 N · m)of torque @ 4500 rpm models from2005 include \\drive by wire choke\\.

The Pilot weighs in at a little over 4,400 lb (1,996 kg), with a United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimated gas mileage for 2007 of 16 mpg-US (15 L/100 km; 19 mpg-imp) city and 22 mpg-US (11 L/100 km; 26 mpg-imp) highway for the two wheel drive model, and 15 mpg-US (16 L/100 km; 18 mpg-imp) city and 20 mpg-US (12 L/100 km; 24 mpg-imp) highway for the four wheel drive model. Also, like the MDX, the Pilot rides on struts up front with a coil-spring, multilink arrangement at the rear designed to allow a flat load floor. It also has the MDX’s wide track — 66.3 in (1,684 mm) at the front and 66.5 in (1,689 mm) at the rear. The Pilot has a 4,500 lb (2,041 kg) boat/3,500 lb (1,588 kg) trailer towing capability. The FWD Pilot models feature the latest generation of Honda’s Variable Cylinder Management (VCM), which is designed to help improve fuel economy* without sacrificing power. The system achieves this by automatically deactivating and reactivating multiple cylinders, depending on the engine’s needs.

Honda Pilot Design

Honda pilot is able to carry up to 8 passengers.The 3rd row seats 3 but legroom is limited,allowing transport of small children or adults on short trips.Similar to the Honda Odyssey,the rear seats are capable of folding into completely flat surfaces to allow larger cargo inside if necessary.Seats are configured as stadium seating.Optional amenities that may also include a moonroof,DVD entertainment system and a navigation system.

Honda Pilot employs a 4-wheel drive system calledVariable Torque Management4WD(VTM-4).The VTM-4system delivers power to all 4 wheels under acceleration and when wheel slippage is detected.The VTM-4 system has a dashboard switch that locks both rear half-shafts to get the driver unstuck,but it operates in just 1st, 2nd, and reverse gears,and unlocks at 18mph(29 km/h).Otherwise,the system operates primarily in front-wheel drive and sends torque to the rear wheels when spin is detected up front. 2-wheel-drive models have been available since2006.

Honda Pilot//'s safety mechanisms are the VTM-4system, ABS-equipped 4-wheel disc brakes,rack-and-pinion steering,4-wheel independent suspension and 282\\° of outward visibility.The foundation for Honda Pilot is a highly rigid unibody with reinforcing structures and energy absorbing crush zones.Honda Pilot\\'s structure is designed to deform progressively in front,side and rear end collisions.

Honda Pilot Facelift (2006)

Honda revised thePilot for the2006 model year.Changes to the exterior included a new fascia with a different grille insert and headlights,and taillights with clear lenses.TheEX trim level received redesigned wheels,and the originalEX wheels were now found on theLX trim.On the inside,side airbags were provided in the Cpillar protecting rear passengers(in addition to those for the front seat passengers),the gauge cluster was updated and the center console featured chrome trim and redesigned storage compartments and cup holders.

Honda Pilot 2ndGeneration

The new,larger Honda Pilot is available in four trims;LX,EX,EX-L,and Touring.It is assembled atHondaManufacturing ofAlabama inLincoln,Alabama.It receives a new3.5L V6 VTEC engine producing 250horsepower(190kW) SAE net at 5700rpm and 253pound-feet(343N·m)of torque at 4800rpm.EPA fuel economy is 17mpg-US(14L / 100km; 20mpg-imp) city / 23mpg-US(10 L / 100 km;28mpg-imp)highway for the front wheel drive transmission and 16mpg-US(15L / 100 km; 19mpg-imp) city / 22mpg-US(11L / 100km; 26mpg-imp)highway for the 4wheel drive transmission.Both transmissions are 5-speed automatics.The new wheelbase is109.2 in(2774mm),with an outside length of 190.9 in (4849 mm), a width of 78.5 in (1994 mm), a height of71.0 in(1803 mm). It has a new grill shape. Much of the interior has changed, receiving a tri-zone automatic climate control system, new two-position memory settings for the driver\\'s seat, a new power tailgate, and moved the gear shift from the steering column to the center console between the front captain's chairs. The Touring trim offers a new115-volt power outlet and a Satellite-Linked Honda Navigation System.

Many critics praised the larger and roomier design,although the redesigned "truck-like\\" exterior garnered some controversy.USA Today described the styling is "\\not swoopy and sexy like the Honda CX-9,nor graceful like the GM\\'s GMC / Saturn models,but easier on the eyes than the Toyota Highlander and the Hyundai Veracruz,but criticized the high hood line saying that Honda Pilot "makes it hard to see where the path goes when cresting an off-pavement hill."\\Autoblog concluded that "\\the new unit is generally a much better vehicle than the2008model"and "\\the driving experience is vastly improved\\".

2012 Honda Pilot Update

For the2012model year, Honda Pilot received a redesigned front fascia,new alloy wheels and updates to the interior.

Honda Pilot' Off-road Capability

The Honda Pilot has a capable off-road system which comprises three individual systems:the Variable Torque Management 4-wheel drive system with locking differential,Grade Logic Control system and Hill Start Assist Control system.

The4WD utilizes a uniqueVariable Torque Management4-wheel-drive system which automatically engages when the system senses loss of traction.The system has a manually locking rear differential which can also be engaged by the driver(when vehicle is in 1st, 2nd,or reverse gears)and will stay engaged up to 18MPH,or is shifted from aforementioned gears,then unlocks and reverts back to the automatic engaging.

Honda Pilot also has a Hill Start Assist system which maintains brake pressure when the brake pedal is released,giving the driver time to engage the accelerator.The Honda Pilot also uses aGrade LogicSystem which holds the engine in a lower gear when on steep inclines for better hill climbing torque and increased engine braking when going down steep inclines.

The2nd-generation Honda Pilot\\'s 4-wheel drive system enables it to wade through 19inches ofWater.

Ford Fusion Hybrid

Car Auto Online | Ford Fusion Hybrid |Ford Fusion hybrid is a mid-size hybrid sedan gasoline-electric powered the version of the medium sedan Ford Fusion developed by \\Ford MotorCompany\\ and released inUnited States inMarch 2009 as a model for2010,along with her sister ship the MercuryMilan Hybrid.Ford fusion hybrid is manufactured at the Ford\\'s plant of stamping of Hermosillo&Assembly located in Sonora, Mexico. Ford set a sales target of about 25 000 cars a year for the Ford Hybrid Fusion& the similar MercuryMilan hybrid.In January2010, Ford fusion hybrid won the2010 NorthAmerican Car of theYear Award at the NorthAmerican International Auto Show inDetroit.

The ratings of U.S.Environmental ProtectionAgency (EPA)for the Ford Fusion Hybrid is 41miles perU.S. gallon(5.7L/100 km; 49 mpg-imp)for city and 36miles perU.S. gallon(6.5L/100 km;43mpg-imp) forHighway.When running in electric mode(EV-mode)Ford Fusion achieved 47mph and up to 2miles (3.2km)of continuous EV driving under ideal conditions.A full tank,700miles(1.126.5 km)in city driving.

Ford Fusion Hybrid electricVersion was uncovered at the2005North AmericanInternational Auto show,and was announced in conjunction with the introduction of the original 2006 Fusion to public. Then become a Ford Hybrid version was announced in early 2009 to 2010 model year, for a suggested retail price of US $ 27.270. Officially at the Los Angeles motor show, new Ford Fusion Hybrid and Fusion sport debuted inNovember2008.

Hybrid Ford fusion was available for theTesting inDecember2008and launched in theUSmarket inMarch2009.In that same month,2 other new models of hybrid also came in for sale,Honda Insight and the MercuryMilan.Within a few days,which were available to the public,Ford in new hybrid fusion and Milan sales of totaled 451units,representing 3%of all models of theMilan and Ford fusion sold inMarch2009.

Ford Fusion is the first new hybrid vehicle the Ford brand offered in five years, and is the 2nd hybrid vehicle after the Ford Escape Hybrid. The Ford Fusion and Mercury Milan hybrids join the Saturn Vue Green Line Hybrid for Mexican-built hybrid vehicles.

The2011 Lincoln MKZ Hybrid,launched in theU.S.market inSeptember2010,shares the hybrid powertrain from theFord Fusion andMercuryMilan hybrids,and delivers an estimated fuel economy of 41mpg-US(5.7L/100km;49 mpg-imp).The Ford MKZ Hybrid offers several improvements of Ford\\'s SmartGauge with Eco-Guide, 1st introduced in the2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid.

Ford Fusion Hybrid is a "\\full" hybrid because both propulsion sources,an electric motor powered by aSanyo supplied275V nickelmetal hydride battery, and a2.5LAtkinson cycle I4 156hp 136ft.lbs. gas engine with late intake valve closing(iVCT),have substantial power ratings and either can be used alone to propel the vehicle.When braking or decelerating,the Fusion\\'s hybrid system uses regenerative braking,where the electric drive motor becomes a generator, converting the vehicle's momentum back to electricity for storage in the batteries.Ford claims that nearly 94percent energy recovery is achieved by first delivering full regenerative braking followed by friction brakes during city driving.Under ideal conditions,Ford claims the Fusion Hybrid can cruise 2miles(3.2 km)at up to 47miles per hour(76 km/h)on battery power alone.

TheFord Fusion lineup was included in the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety 2010"Top Safety Pick\\'s"rating for the mid-size category.As ofJune2010, Ford Fusion andMercuryMilan hybrids are the only 2 mid-size hybrid cars in the list.Due to the fact that Ford recently modified and strengthened the roof structure of the Flex,Fusion, andMKT cars,these 2010ratings apply only to Lincoln MKZs, Mercury Milan and Fusions built afterApril2010.

During2009 the Ford Fusion Hybrid sold in theU.S.market a total of15554units and theMilan Hybrid 1486units,as reported by the automaker.Although Ford Fusion Hybrid helped Ford bypass Honda to become the 2nd biggest seller of hybrids in theUSmarket in the month ofDecember2009,for the whole year of2009, Honda sold more hybrid vehicles (35691units)than Ford(33520units)and the2010HondaInsight also outsold the Ford Fusion Hybrid,with 20572units.

For the year2010,U.S.sales ofFord Fusion Hybrid reached of20816 units,helping the model to become the 3rd best selling hybrid in2010after theToyotaPrius andHonda Insight.The MilanHybrid sold 1416units in2010and its productionwas discontinued as part of Ford\\'s decision to phase out the entireMercury brand.Purchases from theObama administration accounted for almost a 3rd of the Ford Fusion Hybrids produced between2009and late2010.

Ford stated that Ford Fusion sales totaled 151004 units byJuly2011, which of 7780 sales was the fusion hybrid, the market share of 5.1 percent of all sales of fusion.Bearing in mind the cumulative sales of 7996units until August2011,rows "\\hybrid fusion\\" 5th most sold hybrid model in2011,and it was aootsold only through Hyundai Sonata hybrid, HondaCR-Z,HondaInsight andToyotaPrius.

The EPA has.rated TheFuel-Economy for the2010 Fusion hybrid at41miles to the city in the UnitedStates gallon (5.7L/100km;49 mpg-imp),36 miles per gallon forHighway(6.5L/100km;43mpg-imp). The EPA Rating for the fuele-conomy of Ford Fusion hybrid is better than theToyota Camry Hybrid(32miles per gallon for city, and highway 33),the Nissan Altima Hybrid(35miles per gallon forcity,and highway 33)and the Chevrolet Malibu hybrid(26miles per gallon for city, andHighway 34),considered its main competitors in the segment of midsize sedan .

Ford Escape

Car Auto Online | Ford Escape | Ford Escape is a compact SUV sold by the car manufacturer Ford Motor Company introduced in2000 as a2001 model year and priced below the Ford Explorer.Although technically it\\'s a crossover vehicle,it is marketed by Ford as part of its traditional SUV lineup(Escape,Explorer,Expedition)rather than its separate crossover lineup(Edge, Flex). Ford Escape was sold inEurope as the Ford Maverick.It was jointly developed with Mazda, in whichFord owned a controlling interest,and was released simultaneously with theMazda Tribute.In the United States, Ford\\'s Mercury division released a luxury version called theMariner starting with the2005 model year,but ended production inOctober 2010as Ford ended theMercury brand..A hybrid version of the Escape was released in2004,making it the 1st hybrid SUV.

Ford Escape is built on the Ford CD2platform,which is in turn based on theMazda GF platform,which was used by theMazda 626.However, onJune 23,2010,it was announced that Ford will end production on the 2nd generation Escape in2011 and move production to itsLouisville Assembly Plant inLouisville, Kentucky,where it is slated to be succeeded by an American version of its EuropeanCUV counterpart,the Ford Kuga.

Ford Escape 1st Generation

The 1st generation Ford Escape was released in North America for the2001 model year.It was slotted below the larger,truck-based Explorer in Ford\\'s lineup,but was larger than the small SUV offerings from Honda and Toyota.At the time,most sport utility vehicles used a truck basedBody-on-frame design.Solid rear axles were commonly used due to their ability to carry heavy loads at the expense of a comfortable ride and good handling.Ford realized that most initialSUV owners did not take their vehicles off road,and decided instead to use a carlike Monocoque design with a fully independent suspension and rack and pinion steering for Ford Escape. Though not meant for serious offroading,a full time all wheel drive system supplied byDana was optional which included a locking center differential activated by a switch on the dashboard.The all wheel drive system normally sends most of the power from the engine to the front wheels.If slipping is detected at the front,more power will be sent to the rear wheels in a fraction of a 2nd.The entire braking system was built by ContinentalTeves including theABS and various related suspension components.CKD production began in2002 at Ford LioHo Motor Co. inTaiwan for variousAsian markets.

Ford Escape 2nd generation

The 2nd generation Ford Escape debuted at the2007 Los Angeles International Auto Show.The NorthAmerican-market Escape and its Mazda Tribute / Mercury Mariner siblings were redesigned in order to stay competitive with other new compact SUVs,however most of the internals have been carried over for the2008 model year. Ford Escape still uses the CD2platform.Ford also included an electronic stability control system standard on the2008 Escape.

The updated Ford Escape received some styling cues from Ford Explorer, Ford Edge, and Ford Expedition.Changes include a new grille with larger headlamps in the front fascia,while the sides were revised with cleaner lines and rounder wheel arches.The interior is also completely redesigned,including the newest standard Ford family navigation system.

The2008 Ford Escape and its Mercury Mariner sibling were the 1st vehicles to feature Ford\\'s pull-drift steering compensation,an enhancement made possible by applying software control to the Electric Power Steering (EPS)system.

A new concept version for theAsian market,called the Ford Escape Adventure Concept,was revealed at the2007 Tokyo Motor Show.It features a revised front and rear fascia,incorporating Ford\\'s 3-bar grille styling theme and restyled LEDtail lamps.

Ford Escape 3rd Generation

The All New 2013 Ford Escape was revealed at the2011 LosAngeles Auto Show.It will share the same basic platform as the All-New 2012 Ford Focus.Most of its styling derives from the Ford Kuga,which is sold in Europe.2 EcoBoost inline 4-cylinder turbocharged engines will be offered.The basic unit will be the 2.0L unit,currently offered in the Ford Edge &Ford Explorer.The New Ford Escape is the 1st Ford vehicle to offer a new 1.6L unit,soon to be available in the Ford Focus ,Ford Fusion,and possibly the Ford Fiesta.In the process of revamping the Escape\\'s engine lineup,both the Hybrid model with its 2.5L Atkinson powertrain and the3.0L V6 engine will be dropped.Ford claims that the fuel economy of the new 1.6L Eco-Boost engine will match that of the current Ford Escape Hybrid,while the new2.0L engine produces more horsepower than the current V6unit.The same transmission choices,a 6-speed automatic,as well as a 6-Speed Manual,are expected to be offered.

Ford Fusion

Car Auto Online | Ford Fusion | Ford Fusion a mid-size car produced by the Ford Motor Company which marketed in the U.S. and a stretched version of the Ford Fiesta super-mini produced by Ford of Europe. Ford Fusion family sedan has sharp handling, a good ride, and strong acceleration. Ford Fusion's varieties include 4-cylinder and V6 versions,front-or 4-wheel drive, and a 34-mpg overall, 4-cylinder gas-electric hybrid that can drive up to 47mph on electric power alone.The well-finished cabin stays mostly quiet,but the 4-cylinder is fairly loud when accelerating.

TheEuropean Ford Fusion

TheEuropean Ford Fusion is a stretched version of the Ford Fiesta supermini produced by Ford of Europe since 2002and sold in Europe andIndia.

Ford Fusion design includes elements of both estates and multi-purpose vehicles.Its extra height compared with the Ford Fiesta is due to both roof racks,increased ground clearance and taller roof,which makes it roomier and more comfortable for taller drivers than regular superminis,drawing it closer to mini MPVs and mini SUVs.

Ano-frills XUV version of the Fusion called the Ford EcoSport is produced inBrazil and sold in manyLatin American countries.It is similar to theFord Fusion,but as any XUV it features an increased ride height,off-road suspension,larger wheels and dark bumpers.1.6 and 2.0L Duratec petrol engines and 1.4L TDCi diesel engines with front-wheel drive or 4-wheel drive are available.

Ford also used the name" Fusion "before the launch of the European Ford Focus,in communications with contractors working on elements of that model//'s launch publicity.Ford did not reveal whether the late change to" Focus "had been the result of a genuine change in its plans,or simply a desire to conceal the real name from the press until the company was ready for the launch.

InNovember 2005,a revised version of the Ford Fusion went on sale.A number of cosmetic changes were introduced: both front and rear lights feature new detailing;and bumpers,side mouldings and door mirrors were also altered.Furthermore,a bright new colour palette was introduced.

Inside,the dashboard featured both a new design,and high-quality'\soft touch' materials.A new analogue instrument display features in a style similar to the Mk2 Ford Focus.

Advanced new technology was also made available,including power-folding mirrors,automatic and '\\home-safe' headlights,\automatic windscreen wipers,\Bluetooth with voice control,\Trip computer,\MP3 player connectivity and the\Electronic Stability Program.

Ford Fusion sales are strong,with Ford stating that the car accounts for 15 percent of sales in its sector.

In theUnited Kingdom,the car is currently available in Style+,Zetec andTitanium trim levels.(1,2,3 and' + ' were the trim levels for the original Fusion).

Equipment on the entry-level one included a cassette player,central locking,and dual front airbags.The two featured electric heated mirrors, electric front windows,a CD player and air conditioning.The 3 added alloy wheels,front fog lights and an alarm.The + model added larger alloys and privacy glass.This + model was introduced inMay2002.

Ford is bringing out a new Mini MPV called the B-MAX in2012.It will have no pillars between the doors,giving a panoramic view from inside the car.It is believed that this glass will be shatter resistant and extra tough in case of an accident.

TheAmerican Ford Fusion

TheAmerican Ford Fusion is a mid-size car produced by the Ford Motor Company since the 2006 model year.The2010 model was awarded the Motor Trend Car of theYear and its hybrid version won the2010 North American Car of theYear Award. Ford Fusion is manufactured at Ford//'s Hermosillo Stamping&Assembly plant in Hermosillo,Sonora,Mexico,where the similar and now discontinued Mercury Milan and the Lincoln MKZ are also built.All 3 cars utilize the CD3 platform,which is,in fact, Mazda//'s current GG chassis as used for the Mazda6(M / Y 2003 – 2008).Ford has used every evolution of the Mazda G platform since1983.

Production on the 1st Ford Fusions began onAugust 1,2005.Ford Fusion replaced the Mondeo for the LatinAmerican markets,except inArgentina(where the currentEuropean Mondeo is available)and in the United States andCanada(where it superseded the then mid-size Taurus).By United States Environmental Protection Agency size category,the Ford Fusion is positioned between the compact Ford Focus and fullsize Ford Taurus.

However,in theMiddle East it is sold alongside the Mondeo.Versions of Ford Fusion sold there are available only with the2.5L engine.The V6 engine is not available in that region,unlike in the United States,Canada and LatinAmerica.

Ford Fusion was the first production car to feature the "\\new face of Ford" 3-bar grille,which(along with 2matching bars below the bumper / fascia forming a 5-bar design)was 1st seen on a retroV-10 powered rear wheel drive concept car called the Ford 427,unveiled in2003 at theNorth American International Auto Show (NAIAS) inDetroit.The look has since been used on most of Ford//'s product line.